Safety Officer Interview Question Bank — Complete Q&A

(Safety Officer — Job Interview Preparation Series — Full Q&A) 

Complete Safety Officer interview question bank covering General Safety, Incident Investigation, Fire Safety, Scaffolding, Hydrotesting, Lifting, Excavation, Electrical, Welding, Radiography, Detectors and more — 275+ Q&A for interview & NEBOSH prep.

Safety Officer Interview Preparation Questions and answers 275 plus


Intro — How to use this question bank

This complete Q&A file contains concise, examiner-style answers used by trainers and hiring managers for safety officer and HSE roles. It’s ideal for interview preparation, NEBOSH revision, toolbox talks, and on-the-job quick reference. Read section by section, practice answering aloud, and use the answers to form your own clear, scenario-based responses during interviews and assessments.

SECTION 1 — GENERAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES (Questions 1–14)

  1. What is occupational safety?
    Measures to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and incidents (Aramco HSE-GI).

  2. What is a hazard?
    Any source, situation, or act with potential to cause harm.

  3. What is risk?
    Likelihood that a hazard will cause harm, combined with severity.

  4. Define Risk Assessment.
    A careful examination of workplace activities in which we identify the hazards, identify who might be harmed and how, evaluate the risks and decide on precautions.

  5. Difference between hazard and risk?
    Hazard = potential to cause harm; Risk = chance that harm will occur.

  6. Why is PPE important?
    Protects workers from severity of specific hazards like chemicals, impact, heat, or electricity (NFPA, OSHA 1910). Examples include helmet, gloves, goggles, respirator, safety shoes.

  7. What is a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)?
    A simple process in which we divide the task into steps to identify hazards and control measures before starting work.

  8. What is a permit-to-work (PTW)?
    Formal authorization system to safely carry out hazardous work (Aramco GI 2.205). Two major types: Hot Work Permit and Cold Work Permit.

  9. What is the purpose of a safety inspection?
    Identify unsafe conditions, ensure compliance, prevent incidents (OSHA 1926.20).

  10. What are safety KPIs?
    Metrics to track safety performance, e.g., TRIR, LTIR, near-miss reports (Aramco HSE standards).

  11. What is hierarchy of controls?
    Elimination → Substitution → Engineering → Administrative → PPE (ISO 45001).

  12. Define administrative controls.
    Policies and procedures to reduce exposure to hazards (NFPA 101).

  13. Define engineering controls.
    Physical modifications to isolate workers from hazards.

  14. Why conduct safety meetings/toolbox talks?
    Raise awareness, discuss hazards, ensure continuous learning.

SECTION 2 — INCIDENT, ACCIDENT & NEAR-MISS MANAGEMENT (15–26)

  1. Define an incident.
    An event that affects safety but may not result in injury or damage.

  2. Define an accident.
    An unplanned event causing injury, illness, property damage, or environmental harm (Aramco HSE-GI 1.15).

  3. Define a near-miss.
    An unplanned event that could have caused injury, illness, or damage but did not (Aramco HSE-GI 1.15).

  4. What is root cause analysis (RCA)?
    Investigating the underlying cause(s) of an incident to prevent recurrence (Aramco HSE-GI 2.307).

  5. Steps of incident investigation?

    1. Report 2. Collect data 3. Analyze causes 4. Identify corrective actions 5. Implement & follow-up.

  6. What are corrective actions?
    Measures to eliminate hazards, e.g., engineering controls, training, procedural changes. In a Corrective Action Plan, list hazards, corrective measures, responsible persons, and timelines.

  7. Difference between immediate and root causes?
    Immediate cause = unsafe act/condition; Root cause = underlying system or process failure.

  8. How is severity classified?
    Minor, moderate, major, catastrophic (Aramco HSE-GI 1.15).

  9. What is LTIR? / Frequency Rate
    Lost Time Injury Rate – incidents causing lost workdays (Aramco HSE-GI 1.15).

  10. What is an incident report?
    Document detailing what happened, who was involved, causes, and immediate actions.

  11. Timeline for incident reporting?
    Immediately or as defined by company PTW or HSE procedures.

  12. How are lessons learned shared?
    Toolbox talks, safety bulletins, training sessions (Aramco HSE-GI 2.310).

SECTION 3 — TOOL SAFETY (27–44)

  1. What are common hazards with hand tools?
    Cuts, abrasions, punctures, crush injuries, and repetitive strain (Aramco HSE-GI 2.401).

  2. What are common hazards with power tools?
    Electric shock, flying debris, entanglement, burns, vibration (NFPA 70E, OSHA 1910.242).

  3. What PPE is required for tool use?
    Safety goggles, gloves, helmets, hearing protection, safety boots.

  4. How often should tools be inspected?
    Before each use and periodically per company procedure.

  5. What is the purpose of a tool inspection?
    Identify defects, wear, damage, and electrical hazards to prevent accidents.

  6. What is lockout/tagout (LOTO) in tool safety?
    Isolate energy sources to prevent accidental startup during maintenance (OSHA 1910.147).

  7. How should electrical tools be grounded?
    Use three-wire cords or double-insulated tools; check grounding before use (NFPA 70E).

  8. What is proper tool storage?
    In designated areas, away from moisture, and properly secured.

  9. Safe handling of hand tools?
    Carry tools with points down, use the correct tool for the task.

  10. Safe handling of power tools?
    Follow manufacturer instructions, avoid wet conditions, do not bypass guards.

  11. How to prevent flying debris injuries?
    Use guards, PPE, and maintain proper body positioning.

  12. What is vibration hazard?
    Prolonged use of power tools can cause Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS).

  13. What is the procedure for reporting defective tools?
    Tag out, remove from service, notify supervisor immediately.

  14. What is a guard on a power tool?
    A protective barrier to prevent contact with moving parts (OSHA 1910.243).

  15. Why is ergonomics important with hand/power tools?
    Reduces fatigue, repetitive strain injuries, and musculoskeletal disorders (ISO 11228).

  16. What is whiplash hazard in industrial settings?
    Sudden, forceful movement of the body or limbs caused by unexpected machine or load movement.

  17. What are common causes of industrial whiplash?
    Sudden crane load swings, slings snapping, forklift jolts, vibrating machinery, pressurized hose release.

  18. How can industrial whiplash be prevented?
    Ensure proper load control, secure attachments with whip-check cables, safe crane operations, barriers, training, PPE.

SECTION 4 — FIRE SAFETY (45–69)

  1. What is the fire triangle?
    Fuel + Oxygen + Heat required to start/sustain a fire (NFPA 10).

  2. Name the fire classes.
    Class A: combustibles; B: flammable liquids; C: electrical; D: combustible metals; K: cooking oils.

  3. What is a Class A extinguisher used for?
    Fires involving wood, paper, cloth; usually water or foam.

  4. What is a Class B extinguisher used for?
    Flammable liquids; CO₂, foam, or dry chemical.

  5. What is a Class C extinguisher used for?
    Electrical fires; non-conductive CO₂ or dry chemical.

  6. What is a Class D extinguisher used for?
    Combustible metals; dry powder.

  7. What is a Class K extinguisher used for?
    Cooking oil/grease fires; wet chemical.

  8. What does PASS stand for?
    Pull pin, Aim nozzle, Squeeze handle, Sweep side-to-side.

  9. How often should suppression systems be inspected?
    Monthly visual check and annual service/maintenance (NFPA 10 / 25).

  10. How do you maintain extinguishers?
    Check gauge, inspect for corrosion, leaks, seals; record inspection.

  11. What is a fire watch?
    Person assigned to monitor area for smoldering fires during/after hot work (NFPA 51B).

  12. Where should fire extinguishers be installed?
    Near exits, hazards, and high-risk areas.

  13. Safe distance from a fire when using extinguisher?
    Maintain at least 2–3 meters from small fires.

  14. Common hazards when fighting a fire?
    Smoke inhalation, heat, electrical hazards, toxic gases.

  15. How do you prioritize firefighting?
    Life safety first, property second, environmental concerns third.

  16. What are fire notification systems?
    Manual (bells, break glass) or automatic (smoke/heat detectors).

  17. What are fire protection systems?
    Devices to prevent, detect, or suppress fires (sprinklers, alarms).

  18. Difference manual vs automatic suppression?
    Manual: operated by humans; Automatic: triggered automatically (sprinklers).

  19. Examples of manual suppression?
    Portable extinguishers, hose reels, fire buckets.

  20. Examples of automatic suppression?
    Sprinklers, deluge, CO₂, foam, water mist.

  21. Typical uses of CO₂ systems?
    Electrical rooms, control rooms, flammable liquid storage.

  22. Typical uses of foam systems?
    Flammable liquid hazards, fuel storage tanks.

  23. What is a deluge system?
    Open nozzles releasing large water flow when activated.

  24. What is a fire hydrant system?
    Network supplying water to hydrants for firefighting.

  25. What is a fire hose reel?
    Hose on a reel connected to water supply for manual firefighting.

SECTION 5 — SCAFFOLDING & MATERIAL HANDLING SAFETY (70–87)

  1. What is scaffolding?
    Temporary structure supporting workers, materials, and equipment during work at height.

  2. Major types of scaffolding?
    Independent/Supported, Mobile/Rolling, Suspended.

  3. Components of scaffold?
    Sole board, base plate, standards, ledgers, transoms, planks, couplers, top rails, mid-rails, toe-boards, bracing.

  4. Main hazards of scaffolding?
    Falls, falling objects, collapse, electrical contact, improper access.

  5. Who inspects scaffolds?
    Competent person before use, after modification, and periodically.

  6. PPE for scaffold work?
    Helmet, full body harness with shock absorber and double lanyard, safety boots, gloves, hi-vis.

  7. Maximum load for scaffolds?
    Follow manufacturer specifications; do not exceed rated capacity.

  8. Prevent falls from scaffolds?
    Use guardrails, toe boards, personal fall arrest systems, safe access.

  9. Proper scaffold erection?
    Level base, secure planking, guardrails, properly tied/braced.

  10. Handle materials on scaffolds?
    Do not overload; use hoists or mechanical lifts.

  11. Safe access to scaffold platforms?
    Ladders, stairs, or ramps; never climb cross braces.

  12. How often maintained?
    Inspected daily before use; damaged components repaired immediately.

  13. Safe ladder practices on scaffolds?
    Three-point contact, correct angle, secured.

  14. Prevent falling objects?
    Use toe boards, debris nets, tool lanyards, barricade below.

  15. Safe manual lifting technique?
    Bend knees, keep back straight, hold load close, avoid twisting.

  16. What is tandem lifting?
    Two or more cranes/lifts lift a single load with planned load distribution.

  17. Tandem lifting precautions?
    Communicate, lift simultaneously, coordinate.

  18. Storage of materials?
    Stable, organized, away from edges and walkways.

SECTION 6 — HYDROTESTING & PNEUMATIC TESTING (88–107)

  1. What is hydrotesting?
    Pressure testing with water to check integrity (Aramco HSE-GI 6.102).

  2. What is pneumatic testing?
    Testing with compressed air/gas to detect leaks or check pressure tolerance.

  3. Which is safer: hydro or pneumatic?
    Hydrotesting is safer; pneumatic testing is higher risk due to stored energy.

  4. Why is pneumatic testing done?
    Used when hydrotest impractical due to contamination risk, freezing, or water damage.

  5. Hazards associated with hydrotesting?
    High-pressure leaks, slips, water damage, equipment failure.

  6. Hazards associated with pneumatic testing?
    Explosions, flying debris, overpressure, line-of-fire hazards.

  7. Why barricade test area?
    Protect personnel from flying debris and high-pressure hazards.

  8. How to calculate safe distance for pneumatic testing?
    d = K × √p (p in bar; K = 22), adjust as needed.

  9. PPE required for testing?
    Face shield, goggles, gloves, hearing protection, safety boots.

  10. What is a test pressure?
    Maximum pressure applied during testing; usually 1.5× design pressure for hydrotest.

  11. What is a blow-off procedure?
    Safely venting air/gas after pneumatic testing.

  12. How to prepare a test system?
    Check valves, isolate system, drain, secure area, set gauges.

  13. What is a pressure gauge requirement?
    Calibrated, rated above test pressure, readable at safe location.

  14. What is pre-test inspection?
    Check for corrosion, cracks, loose fittings.

  15. How to monitor pressure?
    Continuous monitoring by competent personnel; record readings.

  16. What is a test certificate?
    Document stating method, pressure, duration, and result.

  17. How handle leaks during test?
    Stop, depressurize, repair, repeat safely.

  18. Hydrostatic test duration?
    Typically 30–60 minutes.

  19. Pneumatic test duration?
    Usually short (10–15 minutes), strictly controlled.

  20. How identify weak points?
    Observe pressure drop, visual inspection, leak detection.

SECTION 7 — OIL & GAS SAFETY (108–147)

(Selected Qs — full set preserved)

  1. What is a plant shutdown?
    Planned stoppage for inspection, maintenance, or upgrades.

  2. How is a turnaround different from a shutdown?
    Turnaround is an extended, major maintenance shutdown with detailed inspections.

  3. Primary responsibilities of a Safety Officer during shutdown?
    Ensure LOTO, confined space safety, SIMOPS control, fire prevention, contractor compliance, emergency preparedness.

  4. What is SIMOPS and how controlled?
    Simultaneous operations; controlled by planning, coordination, barriers, signage, communication.

  5. How plan safety activities during shutdown?
    Conduct risk assessments, JSAs, assign responsibilities, review permits, establish emergency procedures.

  6. Ensure contractor safety during shutdowns?
    Prequalification, toolbox talks, audits, monitor compliance.

  7. Manage hazardous energy during maintenance?
    Implement LOTO, verify isolation, use tags/barriers, confirm de-energized state.

  8. What is fire watch?
    Trained person monitoring for fire during and after hot work (min 30 minutes).

  9. Control flammable vapors during painting?
    Ventilation, gas detectors, safe distance from ignition.

  10. Ensure confined space safety?
    Permit, atmospheric monitoring, ventilation, rescue plan, trained personnel.

  11. Handle paint or chemical spills?
    Stop work, contain spill, use absorbents, report, dispose as hazardous waste.

  12. What is pipeline pigging?
    Cleaning/inspecting pipelines using mechanical devices called pigs.

  13. Safety hazards of pigging?
    Pressure surges, chemical exposure, moving pigs, noise, confined spaces.

  14. Ensure pigging safety?
    PTW, isolation, pressure verification, safe venting, PPE, supervision.

  15. Safe approach for pig launching/receiving?
    Only trained personnel, pressure verified, secured pig entry/exit.

  16. Prevent pressure accidents during pigging?
    Verify depressurization, relief valves, check gauges.

  17. Devices used for pigging monitoring?
    Pressure gauges, flow meters, gas detectors, noise meters.

  18. Verify equipment is de-energized?
    Use voltage testers, confirm isolation, tag equipment.

  19. Handle temporary power during shutdown?
    Permit, LOTO, grounding, inspect cables/connections.

  20. Ensure safe lifting operations?
    Certified slings, inspect equipment, follow lift plan, supervise.

  21. Key rigging safety practices?
    Correct sling angle, avoid shock loading, use tag lines, competent personnel.

  22. Manage lifting in live plant areas?
    SIMOPS control, exclusion zones, coordination, warning signs.

  23. Ensure safety during confined space entry?
    Permit, atmospheric monitoring, ventilation, trained rescue team, PPE.

  24. Monitor atmospheric hazards?
    Gas detectors, oxygen meters, combustible gas monitors.

  25. Manage chemical exposure?
    PPE, ventilation, MSDS reference, spill response plan.

  26. Control fire hazards during shutdown/hot work?
    Fire permits, hot work planning, fire watch, extinguishers, exclusion of ignition sources.

  27. What is hot-tapping?
    Connecting to a pressurized pipeline/vessel without shutting down.

  28. Main hazards of hot-tapping?
    Pressure release, fire/explosion, chemical exposure, confined space, falling objects.

  29. Safety measures before hot-tapping?
    Risk assessment, PTW, SIMOPS review, isolation, emergency plan.

  30. How is pressure controlled during hot-tapping?
    Pressure gauges, block valves, bypass systems, verified depressurization zones.

  31. PPE mandatory during hot-tapping?
    Flame-resistant clothing, helmet, goggles, gloves, hearing protection, face shield.

  32. Prevent fire/explosion during hot-tapping?
    Remove ignition sources, gas detection, fire watch, proper bonding/grounding.

  33. How is hot-tap equipment checked for safety?
    Inspect tapping machine, cutter, welding tools, clamps, pressure ratings.

  34. Manage personnel safety around hot-tap zone?
    Exclusion zones, communicate hazards, supervision, assign fire watch.

  35. Role of Safety Officer during hot-tapping?
    Approve permits, monitor compliance, ensure PPE and fire watch, coordinate with operations.

  36. How safely perform welding on a live pipeline?
    Use specialized procedures, permits, fire watch, grounding, PPE, isolation, SIMOPS control.

  37. What is zone classification?
    Division of areas based on explosive atmospheres (IEC 60079).

  38. Main gas zones?
    Zone 0: continuous; Zone 1: likely; Zone 2: unlikely except abnormal conditions.

  39. Why zone classification important?
    Ensures correct equipment and reduces fire/explosion risk.

  40. What equipment allowed in Zone 0?
    Only intrinsically safe or explosion-proof certified equipment.

SECTION 8 — CRANE & LIFTING OPERATIONS (148–167)

  1. Common crane types?
    Mobile, tower, crawler, overhead, gantry.

  2. Primary hazards in lifting?
    Dropped loads, equipment failure, overloading, line-of-fire, electrocution.

  3. What is a load chart?
    Manufacturer’s chart specifying maximum lifting capacity for different boom lengths/angles.

  4. Who is a crane operator?
    Trained and certified person responsible for safe operation.

  5. Who is a rigging supervisor?
    Competent person overseeing slinging, rigging, safe procedures.

  6. What is a competent rigger?
    Qualified person selecting slings, calculating load, attaching safely.

  7. What is a load test?
    Verification of crane capacity under controlled conditions.

  8. PPE for lifting operations?
    Hard hat, safety boots, gloves, hi-vis, fall protection.

  9. How determine crane exclusion zones?
    Based on load radius, swing area, potential line-of-fire.

  10. What is tag line use?
    Rope to control swinging loads.

  11. What are crane signals?
    Standard hand signals or radio communication.

  12. How prevent overloading?
    Verify load weight, consult load chart.

  13. How inspect crane before use?
    Check brakes, hoist, wire rope, hook, safety devices.

  14. How store slings safely?
    Hang, avoid kinks, moisture, inspect.

  15. Proper sling selection?
    Based on load weight, center of gravity, sling type, angle.

  16. How rig loads safely?
    Ensure balanced lift, secure attachment, no damaged slings.

  17. What is line-of-fire in lifting?
    Danger zone where personnel may be struck by load/equipment.

  18. How handle sudden crane stops?
    Keep load stable, avoid abrupt movement, ensure clear communication.

  19. What is a lift plan?
    Document detailing equipment, load, sequence, personnel, hazards, controls.

  20. Emergency procedure for crane accidents?
    Stop operation, secure load, evacuate, report, investigate.

SECTION 9 — EXCAVATION & TRENCHING (168–185)

  1. Main hazards in excavation?
    Cave-ins, falls, falling loads, hazardous atmospheres, underground utilities.

  2. What is a trench?
    Narrow excavation deeper than it is wide, usually for utilities.

  3. Competent person in excavation?
    Trained to identify hazards, test soil, authorize protection.

  4. How to prevent cave-ins?
    Use sloping, shoring, or shielding systems based on soil type.

  5. What is sloping?
    Cutting back trench walls at angle to prevent collapse.

  6. What is benching?
    Creating steps to reduce wall collapse risk.

  7. What is shoring?
    Supporting trench walls with timber or hydraulic systems.

  8. What is shielding?
    Protective trench boxes or plates to prevent soil cave-in.

  9. How often should trenches be inspected?
    Daily, before work, after rain or vibration, as conditions change.

  10. Safe entry and exit?
    Ladders/ramps within 25 ft of workers; three-point contact.

  11. How to identify soil type?
    Visual/manual inspection; classify as Type A/B/C.

  12. Max trench depth without protection?
    1.2 m (4 ft) – deeper require protection.

  13. PPE required?
    Helmet, safety boots, hi-vis, gloves, eye protection.

  14. Manage underground utilities?
    Use utility maps, detection equipment, hand digging near lines.

  15. Spoil pile placement?
    Keep soil at least 0.6 m from trench edge.

  16. Prevent falls into trenches?
    Guardrails, barricades, warning signs, restricted access.

  17. Emergency response for trench collapse?
    Evacuate, secure area, rescue by trained personnel, first aid, report.

  18. Ensure equipment safety near trenches?
    Keep heavy machinery at safe distance, stable ground, spotters.

SECTION 10 — SAND / GRIT BLASTING SAFETY (186–205)

  1. What is sand/grit blasting?
    High-velocity projection of abrasive material to clean/prepare surfaces.

  2. Common hazards of blasting?
    Dust inhalation, flying debris, noise, eye injuries, skin abrasions.

  3. What PPE is required?
    Abrasive-resistant suit, gloves, blast hood, goggles, ear protection, respirator.

  4. What is a blast hood?
    Helmet with visor and breathing air supply to prevent inhalation/impact injuries.

  5. What is respiratory protection?
    Supplied-air respirators or PAPR to protect against silica dust.

  6. How to control dust exposure?
    Water mist, dust collection, ventilation, PPE.

  7. Role of ventilation?
    Remove airborne contaminants and maintain breathable air.

  8. How to prevent eye injuries?
    Use blast hood, goggles, enclosures, barriers.

  9. Safe distance from blast area?
    Maintain exclusion zone; only trained personnel inside.

  10. Handling abrasive materials?
    Store properly, avoid spillage, prevent inhalation during transfer.

  11. Inspect equipment before blasting?
    Check hoses, nozzles, valves, pressure gauges, PPE.

  12. Safe operating pressure?
    Follow manufacturer recommendation.

  13. How prevent noise hazards?
    Use ear protection, maintain safe distance.

  14. Pre-job inspection?
    Check surface, equipment, PPE, barricades.

  15. Manage residual dust?
    Clean using vacuum or wet methods.

  16. Respond to accidental exposure?
    Remove from area, first aid, report, investigate.

  17. Proper training requirement?
    Train in equipment operation, hazards, PPE, emergency response.

  18. Handle compressed air hazards?
    Never point nozzle at personnel; inspect hoses/regulators.

  19. Prevent slip/trip hazards?
    Keep area clean, remove spent abrasive, mark wet surfaces.

  20. Emergency procedures during blasting?
    Stop operation, evacuate, first aid, report, secure site.

SECTION 11 — ELECTRICAL SAFETY (206–215)

  1. Common electrical hazards?
    Shock, arc flash, burns, electrocution, fire.

  2. PPE required for electrical work?
    Insulated gloves, flame-resistant clothing, face shield, safety boots, arc-rated PPE.

  3. What is lockout/tagout (LOTO)?
    Procedure to isolate energy sources to prevent accidental energization.

  4. How identify energized equipment?
    Use voltage testers, labeling, warning signs.

  5. What is safe approach distance?
    Minimum distance based on voltage; consult NFPA 70E.

  6. What is an arc flash?
    Sudden release of electrical energy causing heat, light, and pressure.

  7. How prevent arc flash?
    PPE, insulated tools, proper grounding, de-energize before work.

  8. How often inspect electrical tools?
    Before use; check insulation, cords, connectors.

  9. What is GFCI?
    Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter – protects against shock from leakage current.

  10. What is bonding and grounding?
    Connecting equipment to prevent voltage difference and reduce shock risk.

SECTION 12 — LADDER SAFETY (216–225)

  1. Common ladder hazards?
    Falls, slips, overreaching, unstable surfaces, improper angle.

  2. Proper ladder angle?
    1:4 ratio (base 1 unit out for every 4 units height).

  3. Maximum load on ladders?
    Follow manufacturer’s rating (Type I, IA, IAA).

  4. Inspection frequency?
    Before use, periodically per company procedure.

  5. PPE when using ladders?
    Non-slip footwear, helmet if overhead hazards exist.

  6. Ladder positioning?
    On stable, level surface; top secured if necessary.

  7. Safe climbing technique?
    Three-point contact at all times.

  8. Prohibited practices?
    Standing on top step, overreaching, carrying heavy tools while climbing.

  9. Ladder maintenance?
    Clean, repair defects, remove from service if damaged.

  10. How to store ladders safely?
    Dry, secured, away from walkways and impact zones.

SECTION 13 — WELDING SAFETY (226–234)

  1. Common types of welding?
    SMAW, GMAW (MIG), GTAW (TIG), FCAW, SAW, Oxy-Acetylene.

  2. Equipment used in welding?
    Welding machine, electrodes, torch, helmet, gloves, protective clothing, clamps, grinders, gas cylinders, regulators.

  3. Main hazards in welding?
    Burns, eye injury (arc flash), fire, fumes, electrical shock.

  4. What is hot work permit?
    Authorization required before welding/cutting in hazardous areas.

  5. How prevent fire during welding?
    Remove combustibles, use fire blankets/screens, have extinguishers ready.

  6. Ventilation requirements?
    Local exhaust or general ventilation to remove fumes/gases.

  7. How prevent electrical hazards?
    Insulated cables, proper grounding, dry surfaces.

  8. Safe storage of cylinders?
    Upright, secured, away from heat, valves closed.

  9. Handling welding gases?
    Use regulators, check leaks, keep away from flames.

SECTION 14 — CUTTING & GRINDING SAFETY (235–244)

  1. Hazards in cutting/grinding?
    Eye injuries, cuts, sparks, noise, vibration.

  2. PPE required?
    Safety goggles/face shield, gloves, hearing protection, respirator, boots.

  3. Safe work practices?
    Inspect tools, use guards, secure workpiece, maintain posture.

  4. Tool inspection frequency?
    Before use, check for defects, guard placement.

  5. Sparks control?
    Avoid flammables, use spark guards.

  6. Grinding wheel safety?
    Inspect for cracks, correct RPM, proper mounting.

  7. PPE for sparks?
    Flame-resistant clothing, eye protection, gloves.

  8. Training requirement?
    Proper use, hazards, emergency shutdown, PPE usage.

  9. Emergency response?
    Stop tool, secure area, provide first aid, report incident.

  10. Safe storage of tools?
    Dry, organized, away from chemicals and combustible materials.

SECTION 15 — RADIOGRAPHY SAFETY (245–255)

  1. Radioactive materials used?
    Iridium-192, Cobalt-60 (gamma rays).

  2. How stored?
    Lead-shielded containers when not in use.

  3. What is encapsulation?
    Sources sealed in protective capsule to prevent contamination.

  4. Main hazards?
    Radiation exposure, burns, eye damage, fire hazards.

  5. PPE for radiography?
    Lead aprons, thyroid shields, gloves, dosimeters.

  6. Safe distance from source?
    Follow inverse square law; maintain maximum distance.

  7. Exposure monitoring?
    Personal dosimeters and area monitors.

  8. Shielding requirements?
    Lead barriers, walls, enclosures.

  9. Warning signs?
    "Radiation Area" signs, barriers, lights, restricted access.

  10. Permit requirement?
    Authorized hot work/radiography permit before operation.

  11. Handling radiography sources?
    Only trained personnel, use tongs/tools, secure storage.

SECTION 16 — DETECTORS & METERS (256–265)

  1. Common detectors/meters?
    Anemometer, lux meter, noise dosimeter, sound level meter, dust/particulate monitor, fixed gas detectors, multi-gas detectors, O₂ analyzer, H₂S monitor, CO meter, PID, radiation detector, thermal scanner, leak detector, electrical test meters.

  2. Purpose of detectors?
    Early hazard detection and continuous monitoring.

  3. Calibration frequency?
    As per manufacturer, before use, periodically.

  4. PPE when using detectors?
    Gloves, boots, eye protection as needed.

  5. How to use gas detectors?
    Turn on, calibrate, monitor readings, maintain logs.

  6. What is LEL/UEL?
    Lower/Upper Explosive Limits for flammable gas concentrations.

  7. Response to alarm?
    Evacuate area, notify supervisor, follow emergency procedure.

  8. Maintenance requirement?
    Clean sensors, replace batteries, recalibrate.

  9. Detector placement?
    At breathing zone or area of hazard considering gas density.

  10. Training requirement?
    Proper use, interpretation, calibration, emergency response.

SECTION 17 — LINE-OF-FIRE & GENERAL SAFETY REVIEW (266–275)

  1. What is a line-of-fire hazard?
    Area where workers can be injured by moving objects, equipment, or energy.

  2. Examples?
    Falling tools, swinging loads, moving vehicles, pressurized equipment.

  3. Prevention measures?
    Barricades, exclusion zones, training, communication, PPE.

  4. Role of supervision?
    Monitor work, enforce safe practices, identify hazards.

  5. Common PPE?
    Helmet, gloves, safety boots, hi-vis clothing.

  6. Safe work practices?
    Avoid standing under loads, stay alert, follow protocols.

  7. Spotter responsibilities?
    Direct equipment operators, maintain safe zones, warn personnel.

  8. Emergency response?
    Stop equipment, evacuate personnel, administer aid, report incident.

  9. Training requirements?
    Hazard recognition, PPE usage, safe work practices.

  10. Continuous safety improvement?
    Review incidents, near-misses, update procedures, conduct toolbox talks.

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